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Program ::= Statement+
Statement ::= (AssignmentStatement | ImportDeclaration | ExternDeclaration | CastStatement| FunctionCallStatement | IfStatement | WhileStatement | ReturnStatement | "break" | "continue") SEMICOLON
AssignmentStatement ::= ("let")? ("*")? Expression EQUALS Expression
ImportDeclaration ::= "import" STRING
ExternDeclaration ::= "extern" IDENTIFIER EQUALS Type
FunctionCallStatement ::= (IDENTIFIER | FunctionDefinition) LPAREN FunctionArguments? RPAREN
IfStatement ::= "if" Expression LBRACE Statement* RBRACE -- TODO: Should function definitions be allowed?
WhileStatement ::= "while" Expression LBRACE Statement* RBRACE
ReturnStatement ::= RETURN (Expression)?
FunctionArguments ::= Expression ("," Expression)*
Expression ::= EqualityExpression | AdditiveExpression
CastStatement ::= "cast" LPAREN TYPE "," Expression RPAREN
EqualityExpression ::= AdditiveExpression ("==" | "!=" | "<=" | ">=" | "<" | ">") AdditiveExpression
AdditiveExpression ::= MultiplicativeExpression (("+" | "-") MultiplicativeExpression)*
MultiplicativeExpression ::= UnaryExpression (("*" | "/" | "%") UnaryExpression)*
UnaryExpression ::= ("!" | "-" | "*") UnaryExpression | PostfixExpression
PostfixExpression ::= PrimaryExpression (FieldAccess | FunctionCallStatement | CastStatement)*
PrimaryExpression ::= NULL | NUMBER | BOOLEAN | CHAR | STRING | IDENTIFIER | FunctionDefinition | StructDefinition | StructInstantiation | FieldAccess | LPAREN Expression RPAREN
FunctionDefinition ::= LPAREN FunctionParameters? RPAREN ARROW IDENTIFIER LBRACE Statement* ReturnStatement SEMICOLON RBRACE
FunctionParameters ::= IDENTIFIER ":" Type ("," IDENTIFIER ":" Type)*
Type ::= IDENTIFIER | FunctionType
FunctionType ::= LPAREN (Type ("," Type)*)? RPAREN ARROW Type
ParameterTypes ::= Type ("," Type)*
StructDefinition ::= "struct" LBRACE (StructField ("," StructField)*)? RBRACE
StructField ::= IDENTIFIER ":" Type
StructInstantiation ::= IDENTIFIER LBRACE RBRACE
FieldAccess ::= Expression DOT IDENTIFIER
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